المجلة الأكادمية للبحوث القانونية والسياسية
Volume 4, Numéro 2, Pages 326-379
2020-09-09

تمديد ولاية المجالس النيابية (دراسة تطبيقية للمجالس الوطنية والمحلية في العراق وإقليم كوردستان – العراق)

الكاتب : مصطفى أمين لطيف .

الملخص

الملخص ان الديمقراطية النيابية تعني قيام الشعب باختيار ممثلين عنه للحكم بدلا عنه لفترة زمنية معينة عبر انتخابات دورية .لذا فان تاقيت المجالس النيابية هي احد العناصر الاساسية للديمقراطية النيابية وتنتهي تمثيل المجلس النيابي للشعب صاحب السلطة الاصلي بانتهاء مدة ولاية المجلس ويفقد المثلون شرعيتهم لان الشعب انتخبهم لتمثيله فقط لتلك المدة المحددة في الدستور او القانون وينبغي العودة مجددا الى الشعب ليدلو بدلوه امما باعادة انتخابهم اذا راى فيهم انهم قد احسنو تمثيله او يقوم بانتخاب نواب اخرين لكي يمثلوه لولاية جديدة، ولايجوز تاخير الانتخابات او تمديد ولاية المجالس لانهم وكلاء عن الشعب ولايجوز للوكيل تمديد مدة وكالته او ولايته ولكن نرى انه في الدول والاقاليم الحديثة العهد بالديمقراطية ومنها العراق واقليم كوردستان لا يتم الالتزام بمواعيد الانتخابات في حينها ويتم اللجوء في الكثير من الاحايين الى تمديد ولاية المحالس سواء ولاية المجالس الوطنية كمجلس النواب او المجلس الوطني في السابق و برلمان اقليم كوردستان او المجالس المحلية كمجالس المحافظات والبلديات في هذا البحث تناولنا حالات تمديد المجالس النيابية الوطنية والمحلية وعلى مستوى الدولة الاتحادية وعلى مستوى اقليم كوردستان ايضا. Conclusion The determination of a specific period for the mandate of the Parliamentary councils revolves around the existence and non-existence with the timeliness corner of the parliamentary democracy, because the timeliness corner requires specifying a reasonable period of time for the mandate of the Parliamentary Councils, and on this basis most of the constitutions stipulated the determination of a reasonable time period that ranges from two to five years for the mandate of the Parliamentary Councils, And in order to renew the council’s mandate at the end of the term, it also stipulated that a specific period be set before the mandate of the existing council to conduct elections to renew the council’s term, and the formation of a new council with the end of the mandate of the existing council. The extension of the mandate of the House of Representatives is in violation of the rules of jurisdiction and delegation as well, because representatives are competent to exercise their powers defined in the constitution within a limited period of time and with the end of this period their powers to practice their business ends, and when they perform any work outside this period their behavior is tainted by the defect of lack of temporal competence Their behavior is invalid, in addition to that the extension of the mandate of the Parliament is considered contrary to the rules of delegation as well, because according to these rules the authority of the Commissioner ends once the time period specified for him has expired, and during our study of democracy we concluded that the people are the original owner The power to delegate power by all members of the people, the people authorized the deputies to exercise judgment in their place for a limited period and with their termination, the jurisdiction in question delegated to the original owner of the authority It should be noted that in the new countries of democracy, the constitutional and legal dates of the mandate of the Parliamentary Councils are not adhered to, and the elections are delayed and the mandate of those councils is extended, whether in Kurdistan or in the Iraqi federal state. In this research, the cases of extension to the national, local, or municipal councils are discussed with submitting the necessary proposals and recommendations not to Resorting to extending and abiding by the constitutional and legal dates of the elections in order for the parliament to retain its legitimacy

الكلمات المفتاحية

الكلمات المفتاحية : تمديد ، ولاية ، المجالس النيابية ، العراق ، إقليم كوردستان . ; Key words: Extension, State, Parliament, Iraq, Kurdistan Region.