مجلة المواقف
Volume 6, Numéro 1, Pages 75-79
2011-12-31
Between Brazilian’s Carnival And Citizenship: Identity Of Black People In Postmodernity
Authors : Janaina Cardoso De Mello .
Abstract
The study aims to address the understanding of what is “being black” in Brazil, in actuality, from cultural heritages of African slavery during the period of the Portuguese colonization and misrepresentative that built a country without racism, where white and black people live in total harmony throughout the ages. Apart from the tourism image of a country where draws attention Pelé's soccer or the Carnival of Rio de Janeiro, generations of young blacks see themselves on the fringes of everyday living opportunities so precarious in the slums of large cities, without access to quality health systems, possessing high levels of illiteracy and optionally survival threshold in the world of crime. Private actions implemented by white people through the creation of Ong's to “save the youth violence” resonates as acts of charity dubious and empties the responsibility of public policies implemented by the Brazilian State for the extension of citizenship of its population. A close look at the tensions of cultural, social and economic country in contemporary era does drop the masks, exposes the conflicts facing inequalities and reveals the alternatives that the Brazilian black population has picked individually or collectively to affirm its “identity in difference” positively, claiming rights and showing its cultural plurality in post-modernity. Assuming the leadership of their lives, black leaders press Government for dignity is through quotas for entrance into public universities or of digital inclusion to the labour market, even though these are still much disputed territories by white elite that feels losing space in this process. The traditional big house, in the movement to Senzala of globalization, many changes have been happening and a real awareness of the demands and organization of the black population has spread from North to South. Even in formal institutions such as museums, both Africans finds space for multiple interpretations. But when speaking of blacks in Brazil, it must be borne in mind is not a singular concept of unity, but consider the most varied forms and meanings of "being black" in their gestures, behaviors, language and thoughts in their geographies and socio-economic status in their distinct cultural tastes and academic options. The analyses presented here are based on authors such as Stuart Hall, Kathryn Woodward, Hebe Mattos, Anderson Ribeiro Oliva, among others that lay the theoretical framework of discussions on identity by applying them to practical examples of Brazilian experience of black population, far away from homogenization.
Keywords
Being black; Brazil; African slavery; colonization; Racism
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