Agriculture
Volume 7, Numéro 1, Pages 69-79
2016-06-30
Experimental Assessment Of Three Protocols Of Phytosanitary Treatment And The Effect Of Organic And Mineral Fertilization On Late Blight And Profitability Of Tomato (solanum Lycopersicum L.) In East Region Of Cameroon.
Auteurs : Fovo Joseph Djeugap . Tchatchouang Cédric Martial Tziemi . Nkouankwi Diane Michèle . Djougne Linda Sob .
Résumé
Tomato cultivation which is increasing in the East region of Cameroon because of the proximity of markets of neighboring countries is compromised by an old epidemic disease, late blight and by poor soils. To solve this problem, farmers usually use large quantities of pesticides and mineral fertilizations that could cause many environmental hazards. The objective of this study was to improve the productivity of tomato in this region through rational and integrated management of pesticides and fertilizers. Three protocols of phytosanitary treatments (P1, P2 and P3) associated with four fertilizations (F0, F1, F2 and F3) were developed to assess their effectiveness in the control of late blight and the profitability of tomato cultivation within a split plot experimental design where the main variables were the protocols of pesticides application and the types of fertilization. Mancozeb applied at 2 kg/ha associated with Azoxystrobin (1liter/ha) significantly reduced the severity of downy mildew as well as Mancozeb applied only at 2.5 kg/ha (P<0.05). Judicious use of pesticides as recommended in the phytosanitary treatment protocol P1 gives a profit of 6,139.924 euro (4,027,526 FCFA) per hectare. The use of poultry manure at 10 t/ha associated with mineral fertilizer NPK 20-10-10 at 100 g/m2 (F1) offers value-cost ratio of 2.49 and a profitability of 149.51%. Tomato cultivation subjected to the protocol P1 and fertilization F1 is profitable in this forest region of Cameroon where people almost depend on the sale of timber, cocoa and cassava.
Mots clés
Phytosanitary treatment, Poultry manure, NPK: 20-10-10, Late blight control, Tomato, East Cameroon.
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