Journal of Advanced Research in Science and Technology
Volume 6, Numéro 2, Pages 1067-1077
2019-07-30
Study Of Planting Densities Effects On Olive Tree By Using Sap Flow Method
Authors : Ibtissem Kmicha .
Abstract
Abstract: In the semi-arid and arid Tunisian climate where the olive tree is the dominant cropping specie the cultural practices adopted aimed primarily optimisation of the rainwater use. As part of the restructuring of the traditional olive tree grove, the revision of planting densities is envisaged. Thus, we conduct in 1988 an experimentation to test the revision of traditional planting densities by increasing the number of tree by ha according to the traditional density used. The densities tested vary from 51 to 156 trees by ha. From the 17th year of planting, despite the level of yields by hectare as elevated as the planting density is high, we have noticed a trend towards decline in the yield per tree for the denser parcel. Thus, we tried to analyze the functioning of the global tree water in connection with the planting density using state thermoelectric measuring of sap flow in order to quantify the water consumption and to clarify the influence of planting density on the water state of the tree. In addition, we have tried to identify the relationship between the seasonal dynamics the sap flow and its major determinants as the plant water conditions and the environment. These studies show the great capacities of the Chemlali olive-tree to be adapted to the hydrous conditions available. Indeed, we did not distinguish in a clear way of negative effects due to the highest densities, on the contrary for certain critical periods of the biological cycle of the tree these densities are distinguished by their best behavior, for example the spacing 10mx10m presents the highest values of clear photosynthesis by an average value of 17.46µmol.Co2.m-2.s-1 compared with 16.32µmol.CO2.m-2.s-1 for the spacing 14mx14m. This shows that this farming system exploited since 20 years can still be profitable. Other studies are necessary to better distinguish between the effect of the spacing and this while utilizing other biological and agronomic parameters.
Keywords
Sap flow , f0 , fm, fv/fm, olive tree
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