LARHYSS Journal
Volume 11, Numéro 3, Pages 193-212
2014-09-01

Disinfection Of Drinking Water-constraints And Optimization Perspectives In Algeria



Authors : Achour Samia . Chabbi Fouad .

Abstract

Drinking water is disinfected to inactivate waterborne pathogens. The most common form of disinfection is chlorination, although ozone and UV light are also used in some plants of the world. Disinfection equipment depends on the type of disinfectant used. In developing countries, the water disinfection problem is large and complex. There are a number of appropriate methods but chlorine continues to be one of the most popular options. In Algeria, it is the only method of disinfection used. Chlorine is a very effective disinfectant, it is relatively easy to handle, the capital costs of chlorine installation are low, simple to dose, measure and control and it has a relatively good residual effect. Chlorination efficiency depends on chlorine residual, contact time, type of chemical used, location in the treatment process, and on characteristics of the water being treated. The chlorine demand involves the reaction of chlorine with compounds in water, reducing the amount of chlorine available to kill microorganisms. Chlorination of humic substances in drinking water is known to produce mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds such as trihalomethanes. Because of their chemical quality, Algerian waters could lead to complex and competitive reactions during chlorination step. The widespread detection of chloroform and other organohalogenated compounds contamination in the water reservoirs appear to be largely a consequence of the use of chlorination for the disinfection of drinking water. Those documented as probable human carcinogens and mutagens have been detected in large amounts and have been considered as the major component of DBPs. Taking into account above drawn conclusions, greater efforts are needed to evaluate and set priorities for drinking water disinfection in Algeria. The challenge is to maintain the level of microbial protection while minimizing the exposure of the consumers to DBPs. If disinfection by chlorination is maintained, the best way to reduce THM generation is to reduce the concentration of precursors through various water treatment techniques prior to chlorination.

Keywords

Drinking water, Disinfection, Chlorination, Organohalogenated compounds, Humic substances, Break point.

Les articles similaires

Drinking Water Problems In Rural Areas: Review Of Point-of-use Methods To Improve Water Quality And Public Health

Ihsan Taufiq .  Derosya Vioni . 
pages 125-141.

Microbiological Quality Of Drinking Water At Arid Zones In Adrar South Algeria

Kihal Mabrouk .  Boutiba Z. .  Henni D. E. .  Al-aboudi A. K. . 
pages 45-49.

Bacteriological Analysis And Public Perception About Drinking Water Of Boreholes In Arib (ain Defla, Algeria)

Hamaidi-chergui F. .  Brahim Errahmani M. .  Debib A. .  Hamaidi M.s. . 
pages 542-551.

Determination Of The Optimum Permeate Flow And Total Resistance To Fouling By Minitab Software During Tangential Microfiltration For The Production Of Drinking Water

Boussemghoune Mohamed .  Chikhi Mustapha .  Samai Messaouda .  Batouche Khaled .  Meniai Abdeslam-hassen . 
pages 31-34.

Predictive Modeling Of Ozone Dosing In Drinking Water Treatment Plant Using Deep Learning Comparative Study Between Deep Neural Networks And Convolutional Neural Networks

Hellal Aouatef .  Djeddou Messaoud .  Loukam Imed .  A. Hameed Ibrahim .  Al Dallal Jehad .  Shawaqfah Moayyad . 
pages 69-83.

Formats de citation