Recherche Agronomique
Volume 17, Numéro 27, Pages 25-47
2015-12-10
Evolution Des Cultures Céréalières (1876-2011) En Algérie Et Perspective
Auteurs : Smadhi D . Zella L . Semiani M . Chabane A . Fedjer Z .
Résumé
Cereal crops evolution and perspectives in Algeria (1876-2011). Cereals composed of durum wheat, bread wheat, barley and oats, occupy a prominent place in the Algerian space. These crops have for centuries constituted a dominant occupation of the majority of the rural population. Historically the development of grain in the country is linked to its use patterns and areas planted annually. Total cereal areas attain nearly 3 million hectares in recent years, producing an average of 25 million quintals; yields do not exceed 10 quintals per hectare. Thus, the consumption needs of a growing population are less covered by domestic production. Deficit of 75% is met by imports whose bill has reached $ 2.5 billion in 2011. This is particularly attributed to rainfall, led to this study. The analysis is performed on annual data plantings, production, yield, consumption in relation to rainfall over a period of 135 years. In this perspective, results showed that rainfall has helped to explain the productions between, 0.04% to 45% and yields between 6% to 44% in the most favourable rainy condition. These figures highlight the impact of climatic parameters, technical and varietal over cereal crops.
Mots clés
Algérie, céréaliculture, production, pluviométrie, perspective.
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