Algerian Journal of Health Sciences
Volume 2, Numéro 2, Pages 90-97
2020-09-02
Immunotherapies And Nano-vectorization: New Trends On Scorpion Envenomation Treatments
Authors : Nait Mohamed Faez Amokrane . Laraba-djebari Fatima .
Abstract
Scorpion envenomation is a real medical emergency and life hazard in many countries of the world, especially in rural tropical areas of Africa, Asia and America. Children and elderly are the most affected persons. In this non exhaustive report, we present recent contributions in the scorpion envenomation treatments. From recent advances of antivenom immunotherapy, an immunopreventive treatment combined with immunotherapy could be for interest, since envenomation remains an important health problem. Venom neurotoxins (3-7 kDa) can easily diffuse in tissues and blood circulation and their rapid action on ions channels of excitable cells lead to the dangerous pathophysiology of scorpion envenomation.According to the small molecular weight, their vectorization with biocompatible nanoparticles to antigen presenting cells could induce a protective immunity against scorpion envenomation. The present review will report the latest development of clinical and experimental scorpion immunotherapies as well as approaches using nanoparticles as vectors, to improve the classical immunotherapy and vaccine protocols against venoms or toxins.
Keywords
scorpion envenomation, treatments, nanoparticles, vector, biocompatibility.
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