Journal de la Faculté de Médecine
Volume 1, Numéro 3, Pages 213-220
2017-12-30
Efficacité D’une Stratégie éducative Sur La Consommation Des Soins Chez L’enfant Asthmatique Scolarisé à Oran : Résultats D’un Essai Clinique Randomisé Contrôlé
Auteurs : Metahri Malika . Snouber Abdelmadjid . Kebbati Souad . Dida Amina .
Résumé
Abstract Introduction - Asthma is a social burden in our region, given the number of emergency room visits, the frequency of hospitalizations and school absenteeism. An educational diagnosis concluded that the level of knowledge about asthma and its treatment was very low. We have developed a structured educational program for almost twenty years; its effectiveness had not yet been clearly established. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of our educational strategy on the consumption of care. Materials and Methods - We conducted an evaluative comparative study on two groups of children with asthma aged 6-16 years: an Intervention group benefiting of a structured therapeutic education and a Control group receiving only medical treatment. We used the questioning method during the workshops, focusing on interactivity, patient involvement and listening. Simplified language within the reach of child was used. Groups were compared at baseline at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months according to control variation after education, exacerbations frequency and care consumption. Statistical analyzes were performed by Chi 2 and ANOVA tests. Results - Two hundred fifty seven patients were included in this study, and randomly divided into two groups: an Intervention Group (n = 128) and a Control Group (n = 129). After the workshops, we noted 74% of controlled asthma in the Intervention Group vs 44% in controls. After 2 years of follow-up, the number of unplanned visits decreased significantly in the Intervention Group (p<0,001), and also the use of emergencies (p <0.0001) and hospitalization frequency (p <0.036). Conclusion - Our results confirm the relevance of educational interventions to reduce the use of health care and improve the management of asthma on a daily practice.
Mots clés
Asthma, therapeutic education, clinical trial, schooled children, Oran.
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